/* * Plugin Name: APCu Object Cache * Description: APCu backend for the WP Object Cache. * Based on Plugin named APCu Object Cache Backend * Plugin URI: https://wordpress.org/plugins/apcu/ * Author: Pierre Schmitz * Author URI: https://pierre-schmitz.com/ * Plugin URI: https://wordpress.org/plugins/apcu/ * * * @Authors James Dugger, Jonathan Bardo * @copyright 2017 GoDaddy Inc. 14455 N. Hayden Road Scottsdale, Arizona */ $oc_logged_in = false; foreach ( $_COOKIE as $k => $v ) { if ( preg_match( '/^comment_author|wordpress_logged_in_[a-f0-9]+|woocommerce_items_in_cart|PHPSESSID_|edd_wp_session|edd_items_in_cartcc_cart_key|ccm_token/', $k ) ) { $oc_logged_in = true; break; } } $oc_blocked_page = ( defined( 'WP_ADMIN' ) || defined( 'DOING_AJAX' ) || defined( 'XMLRPC_REQUEST' ) || 'wp-login.php' === basename( $_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME'] ) ); function wpaas_is_using_apcu() { return version_compare( PHP_VERSION, '5.6.0', '>=' ) && function_exists( 'apcu_fetch' ); } if ( 'cli' !== php_sapi_name() && ! $oc_logged_in && ! $oc_blocked_page && wpaas_is_using_apcu() ) : /** * Save the transients to the DB. The explanation is a bit too long * for code. The tl;dr of it is that we don't have a single 'fast cache' * source yet (like memcached) and so some long lived items like transients * are still best cached in the db and then brought back into APC * * @param string $transient * @param mixed $value * @param int $expire * @param boolean $site = false * * @return bool */ function wpaas_save_transient( $transient, $value, $expire, $site = false ) { global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb; // The 'special' transient option names $transient_timeout = ( $site ? '_site' : '' ) . '_transient_timeout_' . $transient; $transient = ( $site ? '_site' : '' ) . '_transient_' . $transient; // Cap expiration at 24 hours to avoid littering the DB if ( $expire == 0 ) { $expire = 24 * 60 * 60; } // Save to object cache $wp_object_cache->set( $transient, $value, 'options', $expire ); $wp_object_cache->set( $transient_timeout, time() + $expire, 'options', $expire ); // Update alloptions $alloptions = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' ); $alloptions[ $transient ] = $value; $alloptions[ $transient_timeout ] = time() + $expire; $wp_object_cache->set( 'alloptions', $alloptions, 'options' ); // Use the normal update option logic if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) { $flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors; $wpdb->suppress_errors( true ); if ( $site && is_multisite() ) { $wpdb->query( $wpdb->prepare( "INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->sitemeta}` ( `option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload` ) VALUES ( %s, UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) + %d, 'yes' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );", $transient_timeout, $expire ) ); $wpdb->query( $wpdb->prepare( "INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->sitemeta}` ( `option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload` ) VALUES ( %s, %s, 'no' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );", $transient, maybe_serialize( $value ) ) ); } else { $wpdb->query( $wpdb->prepare( "INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->options}` (`option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload`) VALUES ( %s, UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) + %d, 'yes' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );", $transient_timeout, $expire ) ); $wpdb->query( $wpdb->prepare( "INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->options}` (`option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload`) VALUES ( %s, %s, 'no' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );", $transient, maybe_serialize( $value ) ) ); } $wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag ); } return true; } function wpaas_prune_transients() { global $wpdb; if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb && function_exists( 'is_main_site' ) && function_exists( 'is_main_network' ) ) { $flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors; $wpdb->suppress_errors( true ); // Lifted straight from schema.php // Deletes all expired transients. // The multi-table delete syntax is used to delete the transient record from table a, // and the corresponding transient_timeout record from table b. $time = time(); $wpdb->query( "DELETE a, b FROM $wpdb->options a, $wpdb->options b WHERE a.option_name LIKE '\_transient\_%' AND a.option_name NOT LIKE '\_transient\_timeout\_%' AND b.option_name = CONCAT( '_transient_timeout_', SUBSTRING( a.option_name, 12 ) ) AND b.option_value < $time" ); if ( is_main_site() && is_main_network() ) { $wpdb->query( "DELETE a, b FROM $wpdb->options a, $wpdb->options b WHERE a.option_name LIKE '\_site\_transient\_%' AND a.option_name NOT LIKE '\_site\_transient\_timeout\_%' AND b.option_name = CONCAT( '_site_transient_timeout_', SUBSTRING( a.option_name, 17 ) ) AND b.option_value < $time" ); } $wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag ); } } /** * If another cache was flushed or updated, sync across all servers / processes using * the database as the authority. This uses the database as the authority for timestamps * as well to avoid drift between servers. * @return void */ function wpaas_init_sync_cache() { global $wpdb; if ( empty( $wpdb ) || ! ( $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) ) { return; } $flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors; $wpdb->suppress_errors( true ); $result = $wpdb->get_results( "SELECT option_name, option_value FROM `{$wpdb->options}` WHERE option_name = 'gd_system_last_cache_flush' UNION SELECT 'current_time', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) AS option_value;", ARRAY_A ); $wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag ); if ( empty( $result ) ) { return; } $master_flush = false; foreach ( $result as $row ) { switch ( $row['option_name'] ) { case 'current_time' : $current_time = $row['option_value']; break; case 'gd_system_last_cache_flush' : $master_flush = $row['option_value']; break; } } $local_flush = wp_cache_get( 'gd_system_last_cache_flush' ); if ( false === $local_flush || $local_flush < $master_flush ) { wp_cache_flush( true ); wp_cache_set( 'gd_system_last_cache_flush', $current_time ); } } /** * Start default implementation of object cache */ if ( ! defined( 'WP_APC_KEY_SALT' ) ) { define( 'WP_APC_KEY_SALT', '' ); } function wp_cache_add( $key, $data, $group = '', $expire = 0 ) { global $wp_object_cache; if ( 'transient' == $group ) { wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire ); return $wp_object_cache->add( "_transient_$key", $data, 'options', $expire ); } elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) { wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire, true ); return $wp_object_cache->add( "_site_transient_$key", $data, 'site-options', $expire ); } else { return $wp_object_cache->add( $key, $data, $group, $expire ); } } function wp_cache_incr( $key, $n = 1, $group = '' ) { global $wp_object_cache; return $wp_object_cache->incr2( $key, $n, $group ); } function wp_cache_decr( $key, $n = 1, $group = '' ) { global $wp_object_cache; return $wp_object_cache->decr( $key, $n, $group ); } function wp_cache_close() { return true; } function wp_cache_delete( $key, $group = '' ) { global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb; if ( 'transient' == $group ) { if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) { $flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors; $wpdb->suppress_errors( true ); $wpdb->query( $wpdb->prepare( "DELETE FROM `{$wpdb->prefix}options` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s );", "_transient_{$key}", "_transient_timeout_{$key}" ) ); $wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag ); } $wp_object_cache->delete( "_transient_timeout_$key", 'options' ); // Update alloptions $alloptions = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' ); unset( $alloptions["_transient_$key"] ); unset( $alloptions["_transient_timeout_$key"] ); $wp_object_cache->set( 'alloptions', $alloptions, 'options' ); return $wp_object_cache->delete( "_transient_$key", 'options' ); } elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) { if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) { $table = $wpdb->options; if ( is_multisite() ) { $table = $wpdb->sitemeta; } $flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors; $wpdb->suppress_errors( true ); $wpdb->query( $wpdb->prepare( "DELETE FROM `{$table}` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s );", "_transient_{$key}", "_transient_timeout_{$key}" ) ); $wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag ); } $wp_object_cache->delete( "_transient_timeout_$key", 'site-options' ); // Update alloptions $alloptions = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' ); unset( $alloptions["_site_transient_$key"] ); unset( $alloptions["_site_transient_timeout_$key"] ); $wp_object_cache->set( 'alloptions', $alloptions, 'options' ); return $wp_object_cache->delete( "_site_transient_$key", 'site-options' ); } return $wp_object_cache->delete( $key, $group ); } function wp_cache_flush( $local_flush = false ) { global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb; if ( ! $local_flush ) { if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) { $flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors; $wpdb->suppress_errors( true ); $wpdb->query( "INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->options}` (`option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload`) VALUES ( 'gd_system_last_cache_flush', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ), 'no' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );" ); $wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag ); } } return $wp_object_cache->flush(); } function wp_cache_get( $key, $group = '', $force = false ) { global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb; if ( 'transient' == $group ) { $alloptions = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' ); if ( isset( $alloptions["_transient_$key"] ) && isset( $alloptions["_transient_timeout_$key"] ) && $alloptions["_transient_timeout_$key"] > time() ) { return maybe_unserialize( $alloptions["_transient_$key"] ); } $transient = $wp_object_cache->get( "_transient_$key", 'options', $force ); $timeout = $wp_object_cache->get( "_transient_timeout_$key", 'options', $force ); if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > time() ) { return maybe_unserialize( $transient ); } if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) { $flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors; $wpdb->suppress_errors( true ); $result = $wpdb->get_results( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT option_name, option_value FROM `{$wpdb->options}` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s ) UNION SELECT 'current_time', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) AS option_value;", "_transient_{$key}", "_transient_timeout_{$key}" ), ARRAY_A ); $wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag ); if ( ! empty( $result ) ) { $transient = false; $timeout = false; $current_time = time(); foreach ( $result as $row ) { switch ( $row['option_name'] ) { case "_transient_$key" : $transient = $row['option_value']; break; case "_transient_timeout_$key" : $timeout = $row['option_value']; break; case 'current_time' : $current_time = $row['option_value']; break; } } if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > $current_time ) { return maybe_unserialize( $transient ); } } } return false; } elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) { $transient = $wp_object_cache->get( "_site_transient_$key", 'options', $force ); $timeout = $wp_object_cache->get( "_site_transient_timeout_$key", 'options', $force ); if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > time() ) { return maybe_unserialize( $transient ); } if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) { $table = $wpdb->options; if ( is_multisite() ) { $table = $wpdb->sitemeta; } $flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors; $wpdb->suppress_errors( true ); $result = $wpdb->get_results( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT option_name, option_value FROM `{$table}` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s ) UNION SELECT 'current_time', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) AS option_value;", "_site_transient_{$key}", "_site_transient_timeout_{$key}" ), ARRAY_A ); $wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag ); if ( ! empty( $result ) ) { $transient = false; $timeout = false; $current_time = time(); foreach ( $result as $row ) { switch ( $row['option_name'] ) { case "_site_transient_$key" : $transient = $row['option_value']; break; case "_site_transient_timeout_$key" : $timeout = $row['option_value']; break; case 'current_time' : $current_time = $row['option_value']; break; } } if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > $current_time ) { return maybe_unserialize( $transient ); } } } return false; } else { return $wp_object_cache->get( $key, $group, $force ); } } function wp_cache_init() { global $wp_object_cache; if ( mt_rand( 1, 100 ) == 42 ) { wpaas_prune_transients(); } add_action( 'muplugins_loaded', 'wpaas_init_sync_cache' ); $wp_object_cache = new APCu_Object_Cache(); } function wp_cache_replace( $key, $data, $group = '', $expire = 0 ) { global $wp_object_cache; return $wp_object_cache->replace( $key, $data, $group, $expire ); } function wp_cache_set( $key, $data, $group = '', $expire = 0 ) { global $wp_object_cache; if ( defined( 'WP_INSTALLING' ) == false ) { if ( 'transient' == $group ) { return wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire ); } elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) { return wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire, true ); } else { return $wp_object_cache->set( $key, $data, $group, $expire ); } } else { return $wp_object_cache->delete( $key, $group ); } } function wp_cache_switch_to_blog( $blog_id ) { global $wp_object_cache; return $wp_object_cache->switch_to_blog( $blog_id ); } function wp_cache_add_global_groups( $groups ) { global $wp_object_cache; $wp_object_cache->add_global_groups( $groups ); } function wp_cache_add_non_persistent_groups( $groups ) { global $wp_object_cache; $wp_object_cache->add_non_persistent_groups( $groups ); } class GD_APCu_Object_Cache { private $prefix = ''; private $local_cache = array(); private $global_groups = array(); private $non_persistent_groups = array(); private $multisite = false; private $blog_prefix = ''; public function __construct() { global $table_prefix; $this->multisite = is_multisite(); $this->blog_prefix = $this->multisite ? get_current_blog_id() . ':' : ''; $this->prefix = DB_HOST . '.' . DB_NAME . '.' . $table_prefix; } private function get_group( $group ) { return empty( $group ) ? 'default' : $group; } private function get_key( $group, $key ) { if ( $this->multisite && ! isset( $this->global_groups[ $group ] ) ) { return $this->prefix . '.' . $group . '.' . $this->blog_prefix . ':' . $key; } else { return $this->prefix . '.' . $group . '.' . $key; } } public function add( $key, $data, $group = 'default', $expire = 0 ) { $group = $this->get_group( $group ); $key = $this->get_key( $group, $key ); if ( function_exists( 'wp_suspend_cache_addition' ) && wp_suspend_cache_addition() ) { return false; } if ( isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) ) { return false; } // FIXME: Somehow apcu_add does not return false if key already exists if ( ! isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) && apcu_exists( $key ) ) { return false; } if ( is_object( $data ) ) { $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = clone $data; } else { $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = $data; } if ( ! isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) { return apcu_add( $key, $data, (int) $expire ); } return true; } public function add_global_groups( $groups ) { if ( is_array( $groups ) ) { foreach ( $groups as $group ) { $this->global_groups[ $group ] = true; } } else { $this->global_groups[ $groups ] = true; } } public function add_non_persistent_groups( $groups ) { if ( is_array( $groups ) ) { foreach ( $groups as $group ) { $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] = true; } } else { $this->non_persistent_groups[ $groups ] = true; } } public function decr( $key, $offset = 1, $group = 'default' ) { if ( $offset < 0 ) { return $this->incr( $key, abs( $offset ), $group ); } $group = $this->get_group( $group ); $key = $this->get_key( $group, $key ); if ( isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) && $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] - $offset >= 0 ) { $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] -= $offset; } else { $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = 0; } if ( isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) { return $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ]; } else { $value = apcu_dec( $key, $offset ); if ( $value < 0 ) { apcu_store( $key, 0 ); return 0; } return $value; } } public function delete( $key, $group = 'default', $force = false ) { $group = $this->get_group( $group ); $key = $this->get_key( $group, $key ); unset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ); if ( ! isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) { return apcu_delete( $key ); } return true; } public function flush() { $this->local_cache = array(); // TODO: only clear our own entries apcu_clear_cache(); return true; } public function get( $key, $group = 'default', $force = false, &$found = null ) { $group = $this->get_group( $group ); $key = $this->get_key( $group, $key ); if ( ! $force && isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) ) { $found = true; if ( is_object( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) ) { return clone $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ]; } else { return $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ]; } } elseif ( isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) { $found = false; return false; } else { $value = @apcu_fetch( $key, $found ); if ( $found ) { if ( $force ) { $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = $value; } return $value; } else { return false; } } } public function incr2( $key, $offset = 1, $group = 'default' ) { if ( $offset < 0 ) { return $this->decr( $key, abs( $offset ), $group ); } $group = $this->get_group( $group ); $key = $this->get_key( $group, $key ); if ( isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) && $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] + $offset >= 0 ) { $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] += $offset; } else { $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = 0; } if ( isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) { return $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ]; } else if ( function_exists( 'apcu_inc' ) ) { $value = apcu_inc( $key, $offset ); if ( $value < 0 ) { apcu_store( $key, 0 ); return 0; } return $value; } return false; } public function replace( $key, $data, $group = 'default', $expire = 0 ) { $group = $this->get_group( $group ); $key = $this->get_key( $group, $key ); if ( isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) { if ( ! isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) ) { return false; } } else { if ( ! isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) && ! apcu_exists( $key ) ) { return false; } apcu_store( $key, $data, (int) $expire ); } if ( is_object( $data ) ) { $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = clone $data; } else { $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = $data; } return true; } public function reset() { // This function is deprecated as of WordPress 3.5 // Be safe and flush the cache if this function is still used $this->flush(); } public function set( $key, $data, $group = 'default', $expire = 0 ) { $group = $this->get_group( $group ); $key = $this->get_key( $group, $key ); if ( is_object( $data ) ) { $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = clone $data; } else { $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = $data; } if ( ! isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) { return apcu_store( $key, $data, (int) $expire ); } return true; } public function stats() { // Only implemented because the default cache class provides this. // This method is never called. echo ''; } public function switch_to_blog( $blog_id ) { $this->blog_prefix = $this->multisite ? $blog_id . ':' : ''; } } if ( function_exists( 'apcu_inc' ) ) { class APCu_Object_Cache extends GD_APCu_Object_Cache { function incr( $key, $offset = 1, $group = 'default' ) { return parent::incr2( $key, $offset, $group ); } } } else { class APCu_Object_Cache extends GD_APCu_Object_Cache { // Blank } } endif;
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Архивы New Orleans - Old Pictures https://oldpics.net Historical photos, stories and even more Tue, 06 Oct 2020 12:34:45 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=5.9.5 https://oldpics.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/cropped-favicon-32x32.png Архивы New Orleans - Old Pictures https://oldpics.net 32 32 Early color pictures of the American lifestyle in the 1920s https://oldpics.net/early-color-pictures-of-the-american-lifestyle-in-the-1920s/ https://oldpics.net/early-color-pictures-of-the-american-lifestyle-in-the-1920s/#comments Tue, 06 Oct 2020 12:34:43 +0000 https://oldpics.net/?p=6124 The special value of these 1920s pictures is that they are real color shots, not colorized. The photographers of the National Geographic...

Сообщение Early color pictures of the American lifestyle in the 1920s появились сначала на Old Pictures.

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1920s US lifestyle picturesThe special value of these 1920s pictures is that they are real color shots, not colorized. The photographers of the National Geographic Society used the autochrome process to obtain America’s color photographs at the beginning of the 20th century. The color multilayer photographic film “Kodachrome” appeared a bit later, in 1935. This invention vastly expanded the possibilities of color printing. 

Nonetheless, the Society accumulated a collection of autochrome color pictures from the 1910s and 1920s with around 12,000 images.

In July 1914, National Geographic magazine published its first color photographs. They showcased the power of autochrome and changed the style of the magazine cover.

Pictures from all over America of the 1920s

Another value of this set is its wide geography. Oldpics used to publish some bright 1920s (as well as other periods’ photographs) pictures of the large cities, like New York, which attracted many outstanding photographers. This photo set is different. There’re plenty of countryside photographs which are relatively rare finds. But those NYC-photography lovers shouldn’t worry either. Some special color shots of the Greatest city in the world are in this publication too.

This series covers different aspects of American life, culture, and magnificent landscapes. These 1920s pictures look closer to the 19th-century landscape photography of Carleton Watkins and American settler’s Solomon Butcher series. Again, these are color ones, and thus they keep some exceptional details of the early 20th-century lifestyle.

Idealized American lifestyle of the 1950s by Nina Leen

Virginia - A girl poses with corncobs and pumpkins during the harvest

Virginia – A girl poses with corncobs and pumpkins during the harvest, Virginia. Photo by Charles Martin.

A woman with a teenager washes on the street in Sperryville. Photo by Charles Martin

A woman with a teenager washes on the street in Sperryville. Photo by Charles Martin

A Hopi Indian  1920s

A Hopi Indian on his donkey stands on the edge of a high mountain. Photo by Franklin Price Knott

Mount Shasta in California and a woman at the edge of a pond. Photo by Franklin Price Knott

Mount Shasta in California and a woman at the edge of a pond. Photo by Franklin Price Knott

Portrait of a Hopi Indian 1920s

Portrait of a Hopi Indian woman weaving a basket. Photo by Franklin Price Knott

Two men stand among white birches in the Battenkill Valley

Two men stand among white birches in the Battenkill Valley, Bennington, Vermont. Photo by Clifton R. Adams

A rider poses with her pony in a rodeo in Texas. Photo by  Clifton R. Adams

A rider poses with her pony in a rodeo in Texas. Photo by Clifton R. Adams

Scenic view of the Capitol. Photo by Charles Martin

Amazing view of the Capitol. Photo by Charles Martin

Vacationers by a running river on a warm summer day. Photo by- Clifton R. Adams

Vacationers by a running river on a warm summer day. Photo by Clifton R. Adams

 Two women look west from the village of Stowe towards Mount Mansfield, Vermont Photo by Clifton R. Adams

Two women look west from Stowe’s village towards Mount Mansfield, Vermont Photo by Clifton R. Adams.

Indian family in their dwelling, tipi. Montana. Photo by Edwin L. Visherd

The story of American way photo by Margarett Bourke-White

Three men stand in front of a plane on the Crowe Reservation in Montana

Three men stand in front of a plane on the Crowe Reservation in Montana. Photo by Edwin L. Visherd

A group of children looks at an elephant at the National Zoo.

Washington, DC. A group of children looks at an elephant at the National Zoo. Photo by Jacob J. Guyer

woman in front of a fruit rack in the US capital.

Washington DC. A woman in front of a fruit rack in the US capital. Photo by Orren R. Lowden

St. Petersburg, Florida. Women sit on the beach.

St. Petersburg, Florida. Women sit on the beach. Photo by Clifton R. Adams

Portrait of a boy in New Orleans

Portrait of a boy in New Orleans. Photo by Edwin L. Visherd

View of the Hudson River in New York.

View of the Hudson River in New York. Photo Credi Clifton R. Adams and Edwin L. Visherd

A group of people relaxing on the ocean coast, Miami Beach, Florida

A group of people relaxing on the ocean coast, Miami Beach, Florida. Photo by Clifton R. Adams.

pictures 1920s

Swimming competition in Florida

pictures 1920s

The sixty-story Woolworth Building rises on the New York skyline. Photo by Clifton R. Adams

See more: Postwar New York in 65 unforgettable vintage pictures

New Yorkers browse the assortment of goods sold along city streets. Photo by Clifton R. Adams and Edwin L. Visherd.

New Yorkers browse the assortment of goods sold along city streets. Photo by Clifton R. Adams and Edwin L. Visherd.

Aerial photography of Manhattan.

Aerial photography of Manhattan. Photo by Clifton R. Adams and Edwin L. Visherd

People in the cotton field in Louisiana, 1920s

People in the cotton field in Louisiana. Photo by Edwin L. Visherd

A coastal patrol pushes a boat into the water.

Atlantic City, New Jersey. A coastal patrol pushes a boat into the water. Photo by Clifton R. Adams

Five boys eat a watermelon in New Orlean. Photo by Edwin L. Visherd

Five boys eat watermelon in New Orlean. Photo by Edwin L. Visherd

Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota. Kids outside a house with a turf roof.

Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota. Kids outside a house with a turf roof. Photo by Richard Hewitt Stewart

At the fair in Lundonville, Ohio.

At the fair in Lyndonville, Ohio. Photo by Jacob J. Guyer

Apple stand at the Lundonville fair, Ohio

Apple stands at the Lyndonville fair, Ohio Photo by Jacob J. Guyer.

A group of students on the terrace at Cornell University.

A group of students on the terrace at Cornell University. Photo by Clifton R. Adams

Washington Square and Fifth Avenue, pictures 1920s

Washington Square and Fifth Avenue. Photo by Clifton R. Adams and Edwin L. Visherd

French Quarter, New Orlean 1920s

French Quarter, New Orlean. Photo by- Edwin L. Visherd

1920s pictures of Praline saleswoman in the French Quarter.

Praline saleswoman in the French Quarter. Photo by Edwin L. Visherd

Children gather around a snowball vendor, New Orlean.  1920s pictures

Children gather around a snowball vendor, New Orlean. Photo by Edwin L. Visherd

A woman sitting on stone steps in the French Quarter sells pralines.

A woman sitting on stone steps in the French Quarter sells pralines. Photo by Edwin L. Visherd

A boy sits on a barrel outside a brewery in the French Quarter,

A boy sits on a barrel outside a brewery in the French Quarter, New Orlean. Photo by Edwin L. Visherd

Washington Square in New York.  1920s

Washington Square in New York. Photo by Clifton R. Adams and Edwin L. Visherd

Hopi Indian Reservation - Men stand next to a car in a field and look at a nearby canyon.

Hopi Indian Reservation – Men stand next to a car in a field and look at a nearby canyon.

A rider shows her sister how to handle ropes, Fort Worth, Texas.

A rider shows her sister how to handle ropes, Fort Worth, Texas.

A view of the main street in the downtown area of Columbus, Ohio. Photo by Jacob J. Guyer

Atlantic City, New Jersey, 1920s. Panoramic views of beaches, marinas and hotels along the waterfront.

Atlantic City, New Jersey, 1920s. Panoramic views of beaches, marinas, and hotels along the waterfront. Photo by Clifton R. Adams

A ranch where guests can feel like cowboys in Arizona.

A ranch where guests can feel like cowboys in Arizona. Photo by Clifton R. Adams

A woman sits outside the door of the Old Absinthe House in New Orleans. Photo by Edwin L. Visherd

Four tour guides await tourists for a tour of the Gettysburg Battlefield, Gettysburg, PA

Four tour guides await tourists for a tour of the Gettysburg Battlefield, Gettysburg, PA.

Coast Guard officers set sail in their boat.

Coast Guard officers set sail in their boat. Photo by Jacob J. Guyer

Cowboys and horseback riders sit along a fence at a rodeo, San Antonio, Texas.

Men load bins with sulfur, Galveston, TX , pictures 1920s

Men load bins with sulfur, Galveston, TX.

See more: Texas City explosion, 1947: Shocking pictures and video of the accident

A man shovels sulfur in a warehouse near the pier, Galveston, Texas.

A man shovels sulfur in a warehouse near the pier, Galveston, Texas.

Three young women at the rodeo, Fort Worth, Texas.

Three young women at the rodeo, Fort Worth, Texas.

Crowe Indian Reservation, Montana - Men stand next to the monument to the Seventh Cavalry.

Crow Indian Reservation, Montana – Men stand next to the monument to the Seventh Cavalry.

Head of the Crowe Indian Reservation, Montana

Head of the Crowe Indian Reservation, Montana

 

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Photos of Ruby Bridges going to a white school, 1960 https://oldpics.net/photos-of-ruby-bridges-going-to-a-white-school-1960/ https://oldpics.net/photos-of-ruby-bridges-going-to-a-white-school-1960/#comments Tue, 14 Jul 2020 15:50:58 +0000 https://oldpics.net/?p=4274 History of Civil rights in the US has different chapters, including the bloody ones like Race Riots in Chicago. Overcoming segregation in...

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U.S. Marshals Ruby Bridges school

Ruby Bridge received numerous letters with threats before she dared to attend the white school. U.S. Marshals escorted Bridges to and from school

History of Civil rights in the US has different chapters, including the bloody ones like Race Riots in Chicago. Overcoming segregation in American society was gradual, and those who first violated established taboos fell victim to bullying and social pressure. The first people who faced the crowd were children of color, like Ruby Bridges, who entered a white school.

The example of Ruby Bridges inspired the next waves of the Civil Rights movement heroes, like James Meredith.

One of these pioneers was 6-years old  Ruby Bridges. She and hundreds of black children had to take special tests before being accepted to a school in New Orleans. It is rumored that the test was designed in such a way that children could not pass it and, accordingly, the integration will not happen. Little Ruby and 5 other children passed the test, but 3 moved to another city and became known as the McDonogh Three, 2 decided to stay at their old school. Ruby’s mother wanted a better education for her daughter and realized how important this event is: “take this step forward […] for all African-American children”. The family lived nearby the all-white school, but Ruby attended kindergarten at all-black segregated schools several miles away. 

Mrs Henry Ruby Bridges

Mrs. Henry and Ruby Bridges – her only black student in the all-white school

On November 14, 1960, Ruby entered all-white elementary William Frantz Elementary School in New Orleans. The occasion had huge public resonance.  At the moment when little Ruby entered the school, white parents, pupils, and teachers boycotted the education process. 

Desegregation of the South was very hard – despite federal law, the government didn’t fulfill the prescriptions, while most people supported segregation.

To provide safety for Ruby, President Eisenhower appointed 4 federal marshals who accompanied her the whole time.

Norman Rockwell, inspired by the photos of a little girl in school dress, followed by four strong men, created his famous picture  The Problem We All Live with, published in Look magazine on 14 January 1964. 

Ruby Bridges was six when she made a breakthrough in a Civil rights history

On the first day, the people were so angry, Ruby was secretly moved from the building. Except boycotting the school, a crowd of segregation supporters surrounded the school and declared vicious slurs, threats of death, one woman even brought a black doll in a small coffin and promised to poison Ruby. Teachers denied to study her, only Barbara Henry, from Boston, Massachusetts, agreed. She taught Ruby alone in the class, played with her on the breaks. Marshals escorted Ruby the whole year, and she ate only the food from home.

One of the marshals said: “She showed a lot of courage. She never cried. She didn’t whimper. She just marched along like a little soldier, and we’re all very very proud of her. “

The ice melted when one of the white parents, 34-year-old Methodist minister Lloyd Anderson Foreman, walked his 5-year-old daughter Pam through the angry mob, saying, “I simply want the privilege of taking my child to school…”. Soon the protesters went away.

But Ruby Bridges was not the only one who faced ostracism in a white school. Many stores refused to sell goods for her family, her father lost his job, her grandparents, who were sharecroppers in Mississippi, were turned off their land. 

But there were a lot of people who supported Ruby and her relatives:  locals helped her father to find a new job, protected her house, and walked with her to school. 

After graduation, Ruby worked as a travel agent, after marriage she became a full-time p[arent for 4 sons. In 1999 she founded the Ruby Bridges Foundation, aimed to struggle with racism. 

She inspired several singers, her life was used as the basis for TV-series.  

Also, she published 2 books, one of them brought her the Carter G. Woodson Book Award.

Ruby was awarded the Presidential Citizens Medal by President Bill Clinton as an activist for civil rights. |Interesting fact – she was born the same year that the Supreme Court’s Brown v. Board of Education decision desegregated the schools.

ruby bridges school

Deputy U.S. Marshals had to escort young Ruby Bridges as they feared possible provocations from the white protesters. In this photo Ruby is entering William Frantz school in New Orleans, La. on Dec. 5, 1960, to begin her third week as the only black student in the school.

Entering the Frantz School

Ruby’s father was originally hesitant, but her mother insisted on this historical bold move. Better education for her daughter was a huge step ahead for all African-American children.

white protesters desegregation

White women at William Franz Elementary School taunts at police officers during a protest against desegregation of the school. Some carry signs stating “All I Want For Christmas is a Clean White School” and “Save Segregation Vote, States Rights Pledged Electors”.

white protests agains Ruby Bridges

Original caption: Police keep an eye on demonstrators across the street from William Frantz Elementary School as a Negro girl entered the first grade there November 14.

 

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