/*
 * Plugin Name: APCu Object Cache
 * Description: APCu backend for the WP Object Cache.
 * Based on Plugin named APCu Object Cache Backend
 * Plugin URI: https://wordpress.org/plugins/apcu/
 * Author: Pierre Schmitz
 * Author URI: https://pierre-schmitz.com/
 * Plugin URI: https://wordpress.org/plugins/apcu/
 *
 *
 * @Authors James Dugger, Jonathan Bardo
 * @copyright 2017 GoDaddy Inc. 14455 N. Hayden Road Scottsdale, Arizona
 */

$oc_logged_in = false;

foreach ( $_COOKIE as $k => $v ) {

	if ( preg_match( '/^comment_author|wordpress_logged_in_[a-f0-9]+|woocommerce_items_in_cart|PHPSESSID_|edd_wp_session|edd_items_in_cartcc_cart_key|ccm_token/', $k ) ) {

		$oc_logged_in = true;

		break;

	}

}

$oc_blocked_page = ( defined( 'WP_ADMIN' ) || defined( 'DOING_AJAX' ) || defined( 'XMLRPC_REQUEST' ) || 'wp-login.php' === basename( $_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME'] ) );

function wpaas_is_using_apcu() {

	return version_compare( PHP_VERSION, '5.6.0', '>=' ) && function_exists( 'apcu_fetch' );

}


if ( 'cli' !== php_sapi_name() && ! $oc_logged_in && ! $oc_blocked_page && wpaas_is_using_apcu() ) :

	/**
	 * Save the transients to the DB.  The explanation is a bit too long
	 * for code.  The tl;dr of it is that we don't have a single 'fast cache'
	 * source yet (like memcached) and so some long lived items like transients
	 * are still best cached in the db and then brought back into APC
	 *
	 * @param string  $transient
	 * @param mixed   $value
	 * @param int     $expire
	 * @param boolean $site = false
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	function wpaas_save_transient( $transient, $value, $expire, $site = false ) {
		global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb;

		// The 'special' transient option names
		$transient_timeout = ( $site ? '_site' : '' ) . '_transient_timeout_' . $transient;
		$transient         = ( $site ? '_site' : '' ) . '_transient_' . $transient;

		// Cap expiration at 24 hours to avoid littering the DB
		if ( $expire == 0 ) {
			$expire = 24 * 60 * 60;
		}

		// Save to object cache
		$wp_object_cache->set( $transient, $value, 'options', $expire );
		$wp_object_cache->set( $transient_timeout, time() + $expire, 'options', $expire );

		// Update alloptions
		$alloptions                       = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' );
		$alloptions[ $transient ]         = $value;
		$alloptions[ $transient_timeout ] = time() + $expire;
		$wp_object_cache->set( 'alloptions', $alloptions, 'options' );

		// Use the normal update option logic
		if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
			$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
			$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
			if ( $site && is_multisite() ) {
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->sitemeta}` ( `option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload` ) VALUES ( %s, UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) + %d, 'yes' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );",
						$transient_timeout,
						$expire
					)
				);
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->sitemeta}` ( `option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload` ) VALUES ( %s, %s, 'no' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );",
						$transient,
						maybe_serialize( $value )
					)
				);
			} else {
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->options}` (`option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload`) VALUES ( %s, UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) + %d, 'yes' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );",
						$transient_timeout,
						$expire
					)
				);
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->options}` (`option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload`) VALUES ( %s, %s, 'no' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );",
						$transient,
						maybe_serialize( $value )
					)
				);
			}
			$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
		}

		return true;
	}

	function wpaas_prune_transients() {
		global $wpdb;

		if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb && function_exists( 'is_main_site' ) && function_exists( 'is_main_network' ) ) {

			$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
			$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );

			// Lifted straight from schema.php

			// Deletes all expired transients.
			// The multi-table delete syntax is used to delete the transient record from table a,
			// and the corresponding transient_timeout record from table b.
			$time = time();
			$wpdb->query( "DELETE a, b FROM $wpdb->options a, $wpdb->options b WHERE
		a.option_name LIKE '\_transient\_%' AND
		a.option_name NOT LIKE '\_transient\_timeout\_%' AND
		b.option_name = CONCAT( '_transient_timeout_', SUBSTRING( a.option_name, 12 ) )
		AND b.option_value < $time" );

			if ( is_main_site() && is_main_network() ) {
				$wpdb->query( "DELETE a, b FROM $wpdb->options a, $wpdb->options b WHERE
		a.option_name LIKE '\_site\_transient\_%' AND
		a.option_name NOT LIKE '\_site\_transient\_timeout\_%' AND
		b.option_name = CONCAT( '_site_transient_timeout_', SUBSTRING( a.option_name, 17 ) )
		AND b.option_value < $time" );
			}


			$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * If another cache was flushed or updated, sync across all servers / processes using
	 * the database as the authority.  This uses the database as the authority for timestamps
	 * as well to avoid drift between servers.
	 * @return void
	 */
	function wpaas_init_sync_cache() {

		global $wpdb;

		if ( empty( $wpdb ) || ! ( $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) ) {

			return;

		}

		$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
		$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
		$result = $wpdb->get_results(
			"SELECT option_name, option_value FROM `{$wpdb->options}` WHERE option_name = 'gd_system_last_cache_flush' UNION SELECT 'current_time', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) AS option_value;",
			ARRAY_A
		);
		$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );

		if ( empty( $result ) ) {

			return;

		}

		$master_flush = false;

		foreach ( $result as $row ) {

			switch ( $row['option_name'] ) {

				case 'current_time' :
					$current_time = $row['option_value'];
					break;

				case 'gd_system_last_cache_flush' :
					$master_flush = $row['option_value'];
					break;

			}

		}

		$local_flush = wp_cache_get( 'gd_system_last_cache_flush' );

		if ( false === $local_flush || $local_flush < $master_flush ) {

			wp_cache_flush( true );

			wp_cache_set( 'gd_system_last_cache_flush', $current_time );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Start default implementation of object cache
	 */

	if ( ! defined( 'WP_APC_KEY_SALT' ) ) {

		define( 'WP_APC_KEY_SALT', '' );

	}

	function wp_cache_add( $key, $data, $group = '', $expire = 0 ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		if ( 'transient' == $group ) {
			wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire );

			return $wp_object_cache->add( "_transient_$key", $data, 'options', $expire );
		} elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) {
			wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire, true );

			return $wp_object_cache->add( "_site_transient_$key", $data, 'site-options', $expire );
		} else {
			return $wp_object_cache->add( $key, $data, $group, $expire );
		}
	}

	function wp_cache_incr( $key, $n = 1, $group = '' ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		return $wp_object_cache->incr2( $key, $n, $group );
	}

	function wp_cache_decr( $key, $n = 1, $group = '' ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		return $wp_object_cache->decr( $key, $n, $group );
	}

	function wp_cache_close() {
		return true;
	}

	function wp_cache_delete( $key, $group = '' ) {
		global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb;

		if ( 'transient' == $group ) {
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"DELETE FROM `{$wpdb->prefix}options` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s );",
						"_transient_{$key}",
						"_transient_timeout_{$key}"
					)
				);
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
			}

			$wp_object_cache->delete( "_transient_timeout_$key", 'options' );

			// Update alloptions
			$alloptions = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' );
			unset( $alloptions["_transient_$key"] );
			unset( $alloptions["_transient_timeout_$key"] );
			$wp_object_cache->set( 'alloptions', $alloptions, 'options' );

			return $wp_object_cache->delete( "_transient_$key", 'options' );
		} elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) {
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$table = $wpdb->options;
				if ( is_multisite() ) {
					$table = $wpdb->sitemeta;
				}
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"DELETE FROM `{$table}` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s );",
						"_transient_{$key}",
						"_transient_timeout_{$key}"
					)
				);
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
			}
			$wp_object_cache->delete( "_transient_timeout_$key", 'site-options' );

			// Update alloptions
			$alloptions = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' );
			unset( $alloptions["_site_transient_$key"] );
			unset( $alloptions["_site_transient_timeout_$key"] );
			$wp_object_cache->set( 'alloptions', $alloptions, 'options' );

			return $wp_object_cache->delete( "_site_transient_$key", 'site-options' );
		}

		return $wp_object_cache->delete( $key, $group );
	}

	function wp_cache_flush( $local_flush = false ) {
		global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb;

		if ( ! $local_flush ) {
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$wpdb->query( "INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->options}` (`option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload`) VALUES ( 'gd_system_last_cache_flush', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ), 'no' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );" );
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
			}
		}

		return $wp_object_cache->flush();
	}

	function wp_cache_get( $key, $group = '', $force = false ) {
		global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb;

		if ( 'transient' == $group ) {
			$alloptions = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' );
			if ( isset( $alloptions["_transient_$key"] ) && isset( $alloptions["_transient_timeout_$key"] ) && $alloptions["_transient_timeout_$key"] > time() ) {
				return maybe_unserialize( $alloptions["_transient_$key"] );
			}
			$transient = $wp_object_cache->get( "_transient_$key", 'options', $force );
			$timeout   = $wp_object_cache->get( "_transient_timeout_$key", 'options', $force );
			if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > time() ) {
				return maybe_unserialize( $transient );
			}
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$result = $wpdb->get_results(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"SELECT option_name, option_value FROM `{$wpdb->options}` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s ) UNION SELECT 'current_time', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) AS option_value;",
						"_transient_{$key}",
						"_transient_timeout_{$key}"
					),
					ARRAY_A
				);
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
				if ( ! empty( $result ) ) {
					$transient    = false;
					$timeout      = false;
					$current_time = time();
					foreach ( $result as $row ) {
						switch ( $row['option_name'] ) {
							case "_transient_$key" :
								$transient = $row['option_value'];
								break;
							case "_transient_timeout_$key" :
								$timeout = $row['option_value'];
								break;
							case 'current_time' :
								$current_time = $row['option_value'];
								break;
						}
					}
					if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > $current_time ) {
						return maybe_unserialize( $transient );
					}
				}
			}

			return false;
		} elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) {
			$transient = $wp_object_cache->get( "_site_transient_$key", 'options', $force );
			$timeout   = $wp_object_cache->get( "_site_transient_timeout_$key", 'options', $force );
			if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > time() ) {
				return maybe_unserialize( $transient );
			}
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$table = $wpdb->options;
				if ( is_multisite() ) {
					$table = $wpdb->sitemeta;
				}
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$result = $wpdb->get_results(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"SELECT option_name, option_value FROM `{$table}` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s ) UNION SELECT 'current_time', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) AS option_value;",
						"_site_transient_{$key}",
						"_site_transient_timeout_{$key}"
					),
					ARRAY_A
				);
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
				if ( ! empty( $result ) ) {
					$transient    = false;
					$timeout      = false;
					$current_time = time();
					foreach ( $result as $row ) {
						switch ( $row['option_name'] ) {
							case "_site_transient_$key" :
								$transient = $row['option_value'];
								break;
							case "_site_transient_timeout_$key" :
								$timeout = $row['option_value'];
								break;
							case 'current_time' :
								$current_time = $row['option_value'];
								break;
						}
					}
					if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > $current_time ) {
						return maybe_unserialize( $transient );
					}
				}
			}

			return false;
		} else {
			return $wp_object_cache->get( $key, $group, $force );
		}
	}

	function wp_cache_init() {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		if ( mt_rand( 1, 100 ) == 42 ) {

			wpaas_prune_transients();

		}

		add_action( 'muplugins_loaded', 'wpaas_init_sync_cache' );

		$wp_object_cache = new APCu_Object_Cache();

	}

	function wp_cache_replace( $key, $data, $group = '', $expire = 0 ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		return $wp_object_cache->replace( $key, $data, $group, $expire );
	}

	function wp_cache_set( $key, $data, $group = '', $expire = 0 ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		if ( defined( 'WP_INSTALLING' ) == false ) {
			if ( 'transient' == $group ) {
				return wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire );
			} elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) {
				return wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire, true );
			} else {
				return $wp_object_cache->set( $key, $data, $group, $expire );
			}
		} else {
			return $wp_object_cache->delete( $key, $group );
		}
	}

	function wp_cache_switch_to_blog( $blog_id ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		return $wp_object_cache->switch_to_blog( $blog_id );
	}

	function wp_cache_add_global_groups( $groups ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		$wp_object_cache->add_global_groups( $groups );
	}

	function wp_cache_add_non_persistent_groups( $groups ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		$wp_object_cache->add_non_persistent_groups( $groups );
	}

	class GD_APCu_Object_Cache {

		private $prefix = '';
		private $local_cache = array();
		private $global_groups = array();
		private $non_persistent_groups = array();
		private $multisite = false;
		private $blog_prefix = '';

		public function __construct() {
			global $table_prefix;

			$this->multisite   = is_multisite();
			$this->blog_prefix = $this->multisite ? get_current_blog_id() . ':' : '';
			$this->prefix      = DB_HOST . '.' . DB_NAME . '.' . $table_prefix;
		}

		private function get_group( $group ) {
			return empty( $group ) ? 'default' : $group;
		}

		private function get_key( $group, $key ) {
			if ( $this->multisite && ! isset( $this->global_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return $this->prefix . '.' . $group . '.' . $this->blog_prefix . ':' . $key;
			} else {
				return $this->prefix . '.' . $group . '.' . $key;
			}
		}

		public function add( $key, $data, $group = 'default', $expire = 0 ) {
			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			if ( function_exists( 'wp_suspend_cache_addition' ) && wp_suspend_cache_addition() ) {
				return false;
			}
			if ( isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) ) {
				return false;
			}
			// FIXME: Somehow apcu_add does not return false if key already exists
			if ( ! isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) && apcu_exists( $key ) ) {
				return false;
			}

			if ( is_object( $data ) ) {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = clone $data;
			} else {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = $data;
			}

			if ( ! isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return apcu_add( $key, $data, (int) $expire );
			}

			return true;
		}

		public function add_global_groups( $groups ) {
			if ( is_array( $groups ) ) {
				foreach ( $groups as $group ) {
					$this->global_groups[ $group ] = true;
				}
			} else {
				$this->global_groups[ $groups ] = true;
			}
		}

		public function add_non_persistent_groups( $groups ) {
			if ( is_array( $groups ) ) {
				foreach ( $groups as $group ) {
					$this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] = true;
				}
			} else {
				$this->non_persistent_groups[ $groups ] = true;
			}
		}

		public function decr( $key, $offset = 1, $group = 'default' ) {
			if ( $offset < 0 ) {
				return $this->incr( $key, abs( $offset ), $group );
			}

			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			if ( isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) && $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] - $offset >= 0 ) {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] -= $offset;
			} else {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = 0;
			}

			if ( isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ];
			} else {
				$value = apcu_dec( $key, $offset );
				if ( $value < 0 ) {
					apcu_store( $key, 0 );

					return 0;
				}

				return $value;
			}
		}

		public function delete( $key, $group = 'default', $force = false ) {
			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			unset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] );
			if ( ! isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return apcu_delete( $key );
			}

			return true;
		}

		public function flush() {
			$this->local_cache = array();
			// TODO: only clear our own entries
			apcu_clear_cache();

			return true;
		}

		public function get( $key, $group = 'default', $force = false, &$found = null ) {
			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			if ( ! $force && isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) ) {
				$found = true;
				if ( is_object( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) ) {
					return clone $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ];
				} else {
					return $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ];
				}
			} elseif ( isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				$found = false;

				return false;
			} else {
				$value = @apcu_fetch( $key, $found );
				if ( $found ) {
					if ( $force ) {
						$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = $value;
					}

					return $value;
				} else {
					return false;
				}
			}
		}

		public function incr2( $key, $offset = 1, $group = 'default' ) {
			if ( $offset < 0 ) {
				return $this->decr( $key, abs( $offset ), $group );
			}

			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			if ( isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) && $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] + $offset >= 0 ) {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] += $offset;
			} else {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = 0;
			}

			if ( isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ];
			} else if ( function_exists( 'apcu_inc' ) ) {
				$value = apcu_inc( $key, $offset );
				if ( $value < 0 ) {
					apcu_store( $key, 0 );

					return 0;
				}

				return $value;
			}

			return false;
		}

		public function replace( $key, $data, $group = 'default', $expire = 0 ) {
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{"id":5236,"date":"2020-09-18T12:26:46","date_gmt":"2020-09-18T10:26:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/?p=5236"},"modified":"2020-09-18T12:26:49","modified_gmt":"2020-09-18T10:26:49","slug":"punkah-wallah-interesting-facts-and-pictures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/punkah-wallah-interesting-facts-and-pictures\/","title":{"rendered":"Punkah Wallah: interesting facts and pictures"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-5244\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-at-work.jpeg\" alt=\"punkah wallah at work\" width=\"1200\" height=\"726\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-at-work.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-at-work-300x182.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-at-work-1024x620.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-at-work-768x465.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-at-work-360x218.jpeg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Punkah Wallah was a replacement for the air conditioners for the wealthy people hundreds of years ago. Basically, punkah is a large fan, while Wallah is a servant who\u2019s moving it, usually with his legs. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Punkah Wallah seems to be the most boring job ever. Don\u2019t forget it when complaining about our work: boring, paying little&#8230; So, from now on, when you feel that your career is not good enough, remember the Punkah Wallah.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_5240\" style=\"width: 1033px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5240\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-5240 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-5.jpg\" alt=\"Punkah Wallah during a short break. \" width=\"1023\" height=\"751\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-5.jpg 1023w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-5-300x220.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-5-768x564.jpg 768w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-5-360x264.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1023px) 100vw, 1023px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5240\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Punkah Wallah during a short break. Usually, moving fans was boring but not exhausting. Colonists could afford to hire extra workers to make their job easier.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>India is a homeland for Punkah Wallah<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As you can imagine, India is the land of the dominating heat. This fact frustrated <a href=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/victorian-people-smile-family-portraits\/\">Victorian Era<\/a> English colonialists, who had a particularly hard time due to their genetic habit to the relatively cold climate.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And since electricity was a rare beast in the 19th century, Punkah Wallah was the only air conditioning option. The cheap labor in India and your colonialist status was a plus.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The task of the fan-boys was as simple as anything boring: they had to set move giant fans &#8211; Punkahs, which were hung from the ceiling of living rooms (and sometimes entire churches or other indoor areas).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lots of different punkahs were in use, tailored or wooden ones. I must say that wooden ones were more dangerous: the ropes that linked the punkah to the ceiling could collapse due to constant friction, and it could fall right on the gentlemen.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_5247\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5247\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5247\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-11.jpg\" alt=\"Punkahs could be that's large\" width=\"640\" height=\"506\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-11.jpg 640w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-11-300x237.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-11-360x285.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5247\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Punkahs could be that&#8217;s large. Usually, such a massive fan was moved by three persons.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>The remote control<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sometimes the Punkah Wallah could sit in the same room as the fan was pulled with their hands. But in this main photograph, taken in the 1900s, Wallahs are moving fans with legs. In this case, Punkah Wallah could stay behind the wall of the room, and the strings of the fan are pulled from the outside.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Punkah Wallah was usually deaf. Unlike ordinary servants, Punkahs could not be sent out of the room when the conversation took on a secret nature or a delicate matter &#8211; of course if the gentlemen did not want to suffer the heat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Electricity was a Punkah&#8217;s profession killer. And this is clearly not the case when at least someone misses the <a href=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/jobs-totally-extinct\/\">extinct profession<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_5246\" style=\"width: 1010px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5246\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5246\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-2.jpg\" alt=\"punkah wallah air conditioned court rooms too\" width=\"1000\" height=\"688\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-2.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-2-300x206.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-2-768x528.jpg 768w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-2-360x248.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5246\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Punkah air-conditioned courtrooms as well as other administrative units.<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_5245\" style=\"width: 878px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5245\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-5245\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-for-respectful-gentelmen.jpg\" alt=\"punkah wallah for respectful gentelmen\" width=\"868\" height=\"654\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-for-respectful-gentelmen.jpg 640w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-for-respectful-gentelmen-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punkah-wallah-for-respectful-gentelmen-360x271.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5245\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A restless punkah for respectful gentlemen<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>Punkah Wallah tradition in the USA<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A chilling punkah was an integral part of the Southern states&#8217; wealthy homes, but they had a different name. Slaves handled Ceiling-mounted fans. Yep, English gentlemen at least paid some pennies to deaf locals.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interestingly, both the wealthy men and their slaves benefited from their interactions with the fans. Masters experienced the fans&#8217; cooling winds, insect-free time, and the occasion to showcase their money and sophistication. Even though they were consigned to labor at the fans, enslaved workers likely used their proximity to elite whites to learn \u201cgenteel\u201d codes of behavior, while gleaning information about the plantation world and beyond.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_5243\" style=\"width: 722px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5243\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5243\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah3.jpg\" alt=\"Punkahs were used in the cathedrals too\" width=\"712\" height=\"565\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah3.jpg 712w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah3-300x238.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah3-360x286.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 712px) 100vw, 712px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5243\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Punkahs were used in the cathedrals too.<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_5242\" style=\"width: 690px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5242\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-5242\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah.jpg\" alt=\"The most common Punkah Wallah was a  deaf boy or man that held a fan in hands.\" width=\"680\" height=\"495\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah.jpg 591w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-300x218.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-360x262.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5242\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The most common Punkah Wallah was a deaf boy or man that held a fan in his hands.<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_5241\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5241\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5241\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-now.jpeg\" alt=\"Modern Punkahs\" width=\"800\" height=\"339\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-now.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-now-300x127.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-now-768x325.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-now-360x153.jpeg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5241\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Modern Punkahs. No human resources were used for sure.<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_5239\" style=\"width: 714px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5239\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-5239\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-3.jpg\" alt=\"fancy fans in wealthy indian home\" width=\"704\" height=\"506\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-3.jpg 420w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-3-300x216.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-3-360x259.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5239\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A fancy fan in a wealthy Indian home.<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_5238\" style=\"width: 618px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5238\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5238\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-2.jpg\" alt=\"Punah Wallah was a kind of demonstration of how wealthy the colonist is.\" width=\"608\" height=\"341\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-2.jpg 608w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-2-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/punka_wallah-2-360x202.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 608px) 100vw, 608px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5238\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fan-boy was a kind of demonstration of how wealthy the colonist is.<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Punkah Wallah was a replacement for the air conditioners for the wealthy people hundreds of years ago. Basically, punkah is a large&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5244,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[28,179,98],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Punkah Wallah: interesting facts and pictures - Old Pictures<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Punkah Wallah was an integral part of the high colonist&#039;s society in India and some Southern States. 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