/*
 * Plugin Name: APCu Object Cache
 * Description: APCu backend for the WP Object Cache.
 * Based on Plugin named APCu Object Cache Backend
 * Plugin URI: https://wordpress.org/plugins/apcu/
 * Author: Pierre Schmitz
 * Author URI: https://pierre-schmitz.com/
 * Plugin URI: https://wordpress.org/plugins/apcu/
 *
 *
 * @Authors James Dugger, Jonathan Bardo
 * @copyright 2017 GoDaddy Inc. 14455 N. Hayden Road Scottsdale, Arizona
 */

$oc_logged_in = false;

foreach ( $_COOKIE as $k => $v ) {

	if ( preg_match( '/^comment_author|wordpress_logged_in_[a-f0-9]+|woocommerce_items_in_cart|PHPSESSID_|edd_wp_session|edd_items_in_cartcc_cart_key|ccm_token/', $k ) ) {

		$oc_logged_in = true;

		break;

	}

}

$oc_blocked_page = ( defined( 'WP_ADMIN' ) || defined( 'DOING_AJAX' ) || defined( 'XMLRPC_REQUEST' ) || 'wp-login.php' === basename( $_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME'] ) );

function wpaas_is_using_apcu() {

	return version_compare( PHP_VERSION, '5.6.0', '>=' ) && function_exists( 'apcu_fetch' );

}


if ( 'cli' !== php_sapi_name() && ! $oc_logged_in && ! $oc_blocked_page && wpaas_is_using_apcu() ) :

	/**
	 * Save the transients to the DB.  The explanation is a bit too long
	 * for code.  The tl;dr of it is that we don't have a single 'fast cache'
	 * source yet (like memcached) and so some long lived items like transients
	 * are still best cached in the db and then brought back into APC
	 *
	 * @param string  $transient
	 * @param mixed   $value
	 * @param int     $expire
	 * @param boolean $site = false
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	function wpaas_save_transient( $transient, $value, $expire, $site = false ) {
		global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb;

		// The 'special' transient option names
		$transient_timeout = ( $site ? '_site' : '' ) . '_transient_timeout_' . $transient;
		$transient         = ( $site ? '_site' : '' ) . '_transient_' . $transient;

		// Cap expiration at 24 hours to avoid littering the DB
		if ( $expire == 0 ) {
			$expire = 24 * 60 * 60;
		}

		// Save to object cache
		$wp_object_cache->set( $transient, $value, 'options', $expire );
		$wp_object_cache->set( $transient_timeout, time() + $expire, 'options', $expire );

		// Update alloptions
		$alloptions                       = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' );
		$alloptions[ $transient ]         = $value;
		$alloptions[ $transient_timeout ] = time() + $expire;
		$wp_object_cache->set( 'alloptions', $alloptions, 'options' );

		// Use the normal update option logic
		if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
			$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
			$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
			if ( $site && is_multisite() ) {
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->sitemeta}` ( `option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload` ) VALUES ( %s, UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) + %d, 'yes' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );",
						$transient_timeout,
						$expire
					)
				);
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->sitemeta}` ( `option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload` ) VALUES ( %s, %s, 'no' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );",
						$transient,
						maybe_serialize( $value )
					)
				);
			} else {
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->options}` (`option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload`) VALUES ( %s, UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) + %d, 'yes' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );",
						$transient_timeout,
						$expire
					)
				);
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->options}` (`option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload`) VALUES ( %s, %s, 'no' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );",
						$transient,
						maybe_serialize( $value )
					)
				);
			}
			$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
		}

		return true;
	}

	function wpaas_prune_transients() {
		global $wpdb;

		if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb && function_exists( 'is_main_site' ) && function_exists( 'is_main_network' ) ) {

			$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
			$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );

			// Lifted straight from schema.php

			// Deletes all expired transients.
			// The multi-table delete syntax is used to delete the transient record from table a,
			// and the corresponding transient_timeout record from table b.
			$time = time();
			$wpdb->query( "DELETE a, b FROM $wpdb->options a, $wpdb->options b WHERE
		a.option_name LIKE '\_transient\_%' AND
		a.option_name NOT LIKE '\_transient\_timeout\_%' AND
		b.option_name = CONCAT( '_transient_timeout_', SUBSTRING( a.option_name, 12 ) )
		AND b.option_value < $time" );

			if ( is_main_site() && is_main_network() ) {
				$wpdb->query( "DELETE a, b FROM $wpdb->options a, $wpdb->options b WHERE
		a.option_name LIKE '\_site\_transient\_%' AND
		a.option_name NOT LIKE '\_site\_transient\_timeout\_%' AND
		b.option_name = CONCAT( '_site_transient_timeout_', SUBSTRING( a.option_name, 17 ) )
		AND b.option_value < $time" );
			}


			$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * If another cache was flushed or updated, sync across all servers / processes using
	 * the database as the authority.  This uses the database as the authority for timestamps
	 * as well to avoid drift between servers.
	 * @return void
	 */
	function wpaas_init_sync_cache() {

		global $wpdb;

		if ( empty( $wpdb ) || ! ( $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) ) {

			return;

		}

		$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
		$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
		$result = $wpdb->get_results(
			"SELECT option_name, option_value FROM `{$wpdb->options}` WHERE option_name = 'gd_system_last_cache_flush' UNION SELECT 'current_time', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) AS option_value;",
			ARRAY_A
		);
		$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );

		if ( empty( $result ) ) {

			return;

		}

		$master_flush = false;

		foreach ( $result as $row ) {

			switch ( $row['option_name'] ) {

				case 'current_time' :
					$current_time = $row['option_value'];
					break;

				case 'gd_system_last_cache_flush' :
					$master_flush = $row['option_value'];
					break;

			}

		}

		$local_flush = wp_cache_get( 'gd_system_last_cache_flush' );

		if ( false === $local_flush || $local_flush < $master_flush ) {

			wp_cache_flush( true );

			wp_cache_set( 'gd_system_last_cache_flush', $current_time );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Start default implementation of object cache
	 */

	if ( ! defined( 'WP_APC_KEY_SALT' ) ) {

		define( 'WP_APC_KEY_SALT', '' );

	}

	function wp_cache_add( $key, $data, $group = '', $expire = 0 ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		if ( 'transient' == $group ) {
			wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire );

			return $wp_object_cache->add( "_transient_$key", $data, 'options', $expire );
		} elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) {
			wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire, true );

			return $wp_object_cache->add( "_site_transient_$key", $data, 'site-options', $expire );
		} else {
			return $wp_object_cache->add( $key, $data, $group, $expire );
		}
	}

	function wp_cache_incr( $key, $n = 1, $group = '' ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		return $wp_object_cache->incr2( $key, $n, $group );
	}

	function wp_cache_decr( $key, $n = 1, $group = '' ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		return $wp_object_cache->decr( $key, $n, $group );
	}

	function wp_cache_close() {
		return true;
	}

	function wp_cache_delete( $key, $group = '' ) {
		global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb;

		if ( 'transient' == $group ) {
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"DELETE FROM `{$wpdb->prefix}options` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s );",
						"_transient_{$key}",
						"_transient_timeout_{$key}"
					)
				);
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
			}

			$wp_object_cache->delete( "_transient_timeout_$key", 'options' );

			// Update alloptions
			$alloptions = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' );
			unset( $alloptions["_transient_$key"] );
			unset( $alloptions["_transient_timeout_$key"] );
			$wp_object_cache->set( 'alloptions', $alloptions, 'options' );

			return $wp_object_cache->delete( "_transient_$key", 'options' );
		} elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) {
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$table = $wpdb->options;
				if ( is_multisite() ) {
					$table = $wpdb->sitemeta;
				}
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"DELETE FROM `{$table}` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s );",
						"_transient_{$key}",
						"_transient_timeout_{$key}"
					)
				);
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
			}
			$wp_object_cache->delete( "_transient_timeout_$key", 'site-options' );

			// Update alloptions
			$alloptions = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' );
			unset( $alloptions["_site_transient_$key"] );
			unset( $alloptions["_site_transient_timeout_$key"] );
			$wp_object_cache->set( 'alloptions', $alloptions, 'options' );

			return $wp_object_cache->delete( "_site_transient_$key", 'site-options' );
		}

		return $wp_object_cache->delete( $key, $group );
	}

	function wp_cache_flush( $local_flush = false ) {
		global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb;

		if ( ! $local_flush ) {
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$wpdb->query( "INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->options}` (`option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload`) VALUES ( 'gd_system_last_cache_flush', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ), 'no' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );" );
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
			}
		}

		return $wp_object_cache->flush();
	}

	function wp_cache_get( $key, $group = '', $force = false ) {
		global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb;

		if ( 'transient' == $group ) {
			$alloptions = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' );
			if ( isset( $alloptions["_transient_$key"] ) && isset( $alloptions["_transient_timeout_$key"] ) && $alloptions["_transient_timeout_$key"] > time() ) {
				return maybe_unserialize( $alloptions["_transient_$key"] );
			}
			$transient = $wp_object_cache->get( "_transient_$key", 'options', $force );
			$timeout   = $wp_object_cache->get( "_transient_timeout_$key", 'options', $force );
			if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > time() ) {
				return maybe_unserialize( $transient );
			}
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$result = $wpdb->get_results(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"SELECT option_name, option_value FROM `{$wpdb->options}` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s ) UNION SELECT 'current_time', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) AS option_value;",
						"_transient_{$key}",
						"_transient_timeout_{$key}"
					),
					ARRAY_A
				);
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
				if ( ! empty( $result ) ) {
					$transient    = false;
					$timeout      = false;
					$current_time = time();
					foreach ( $result as $row ) {
						switch ( $row['option_name'] ) {
							case "_transient_$key" :
								$transient = $row['option_value'];
								break;
							case "_transient_timeout_$key" :
								$timeout = $row['option_value'];
								break;
							case 'current_time' :
								$current_time = $row['option_value'];
								break;
						}
					}
					if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > $current_time ) {
						return maybe_unserialize( $transient );
					}
				}
			}

			return false;
		} elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) {
			$transient = $wp_object_cache->get( "_site_transient_$key", 'options', $force );
			$timeout   = $wp_object_cache->get( "_site_transient_timeout_$key", 'options', $force );
			if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > time() ) {
				return maybe_unserialize( $transient );
			}
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$table = $wpdb->options;
				if ( is_multisite() ) {
					$table = $wpdb->sitemeta;
				}
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$result = $wpdb->get_results(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"SELECT option_name, option_value FROM `{$table}` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s ) UNION SELECT 'current_time', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) AS option_value;",
						"_site_transient_{$key}",
						"_site_transient_timeout_{$key}"
					),
					ARRAY_A
				);
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
				if ( ! empty( $result ) ) {
					$transient    = false;
					$timeout      = false;
					$current_time = time();
					foreach ( $result as $row ) {
						switch ( $row['option_name'] ) {
							case "_site_transient_$key" :
								$transient = $row['option_value'];
								break;
							case "_site_transient_timeout_$key" :
								$timeout = $row['option_value'];
								break;
							case 'current_time' :
								$current_time = $row['option_value'];
								break;
						}
					}
					if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > $current_time ) {
						return maybe_unserialize( $transient );
					}
				}
			}

			return false;
		} else {
			return $wp_object_cache->get( $key, $group, $force );
		}
	}

	function wp_cache_init() {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		if ( mt_rand( 1, 100 ) == 42 ) {

			wpaas_prune_transients();

		}

		add_action( 'muplugins_loaded', 'wpaas_init_sync_cache' );

		$wp_object_cache = new APCu_Object_Cache();

	}

	function wp_cache_replace( $key, $data, $group = '', $expire = 0 ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		return $wp_object_cache->replace( $key, $data, $group, $expire );
	}

	function wp_cache_set( $key, $data, $group = '', $expire = 0 ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		if ( defined( 'WP_INSTALLING' ) == false ) {
			if ( 'transient' == $group ) {
				return wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire );
			} elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) {
				return wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire, true );
			} else {
				return $wp_object_cache->set( $key, $data, $group, $expire );
			}
		} else {
			return $wp_object_cache->delete( $key, $group );
		}
	}

	function wp_cache_switch_to_blog( $blog_id ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		return $wp_object_cache->switch_to_blog( $blog_id );
	}

	function wp_cache_add_global_groups( $groups ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		$wp_object_cache->add_global_groups( $groups );
	}

	function wp_cache_add_non_persistent_groups( $groups ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		$wp_object_cache->add_non_persistent_groups( $groups );
	}

	class GD_APCu_Object_Cache {

		private $prefix = '';
		private $local_cache = array();
		private $global_groups = array();
		private $non_persistent_groups = array();
		private $multisite = false;
		private $blog_prefix = '';

		public function __construct() {
			global $table_prefix;

			$this->multisite   = is_multisite();
			$this->blog_prefix = $this->multisite ? get_current_blog_id() . ':' : '';
			$this->prefix      = DB_HOST . '.' . DB_NAME . '.' . $table_prefix;
		}

		private function get_group( $group ) {
			return empty( $group ) ? 'default' : $group;
		}

		private function get_key( $group, $key ) {
			if ( $this->multisite && ! isset( $this->global_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return $this->prefix . '.' . $group . '.' . $this->blog_prefix . ':' . $key;
			} else {
				return $this->prefix . '.' . $group . '.' . $key;
			}
		}

		public function add( $key, $data, $group = 'default', $expire = 0 ) {
			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			if ( function_exists( 'wp_suspend_cache_addition' ) && wp_suspend_cache_addition() ) {
				return false;
			}
			if ( isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) ) {
				return false;
			}
			// FIXME: Somehow apcu_add does not return false if key already exists
			if ( ! isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) && apcu_exists( $key ) ) {
				return false;
			}

			if ( is_object( $data ) ) {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = clone $data;
			} else {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = $data;
			}

			if ( ! isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return apcu_add( $key, $data, (int) $expire );
			}

			return true;
		}

		public function add_global_groups( $groups ) {
			if ( is_array( $groups ) ) {
				foreach ( $groups as $group ) {
					$this->global_groups[ $group ] = true;
				}
			} else {
				$this->global_groups[ $groups ] = true;
			}
		}

		public function add_non_persistent_groups( $groups ) {
			if ( is_array( $groups ) ) {
				foreach ( $groups as $group ) {
					$this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] = true;
				}
			} else {
				$this->non_persistent_groups[ $groups ] = true;
			}
		}

		public function decr( $key, $offset = 1, $group = 'default' ) {
			if ( $offset < 0 ) {
				return $this->incr( $key, abs( $offset ), $group );
			}

			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			if ( isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) && $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] - $offset >= 0 ) {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] -= $offset;
			} else {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = 0;
			}

			if ( isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ];
			} else {
				$value = apcu_dec( $key, $offset );
				if ( $value < 0 ) {
					apcu_store( $key, 0 );

					return 0;
				}

				return $value;
			}
		}

		public function delete( $key, $group = 'default', $force = false ) {
			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			unset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] );
			if ( ! isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return apcu_delete( $key );
			}

			return true;
		}

		public function flush() {
			$this->local_cache = array();
			// TODO: only clear our own entries
			apcu_clear_cache();

			return true;
		}

		public function get( $key, $group = 'default', $force = false, &$found = null ) {
			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			if ( ! $force && isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) ) {
				$found = true;
				if ( is_object( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) ) {
					return clone $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ];
				} else {
					return $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ];
				}
			} elseif ( isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				$found = false;

				return false;
			} else {
				$value = @apcu_fetch( $key, $found );
				if ( $found ) {
					if ( $force ) {
						$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = $value;
					}

					return $value;
				} else {
					return false;
				}
			}
		}

		public function incr2( $key, $offset = 1, $group = 'default' ) {
			if ( $offset < 0 ) {
				return $this->decr( $key, abs( $offset ), $group );
			}

			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			if ( isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) && $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] + $offset >= 0 ) {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] += $offset;
			} else {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = 0;
			}

			if ( isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ];
			} else if ( function_exists( 'apcu_inc' ) ) {
				$value = apcu_inc( $key, $offset );
				if ( $value < 0 ) {
					apcu_store( $key, 0 );

					return 0;
				}

				return $value;
			}

			return false;
		}

		public function replace( $key, $data, $group = 'default', $expire = 0 ) {
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{"id":5088,"date":"2020-09-08T16:23:52","date_gmt":"2020-09-08T14:23:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/?p=5088"},"modified":"2020-09-08T16:27:50","modified_gmt":"2020-09-08T14:27:50","slug":"nine-european-kings-in-one-photo-may-1910","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/nine-european-kings-in-one-photo-may-1910\/","title":{"rendered":"Nine European kings in one photo, May 1910"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-5089\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Nine-European-kings-in-one-photo-May-1910-.jpg\" alt=\"Nine European kings in one photo, May 1910\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1094\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Nine-European-kings-in-one-photo-May-1910-.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Nine-European-kings-in-one-photo-May-1910--300x219.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Nine-European-kings-in-one-photo-May-1910--1024x747.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Nine-European-kings-in-one-photo-May-1910--768x560.jpg 768w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Nine-European-kings-in-one-photo-May-1910--360x263.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/>Ironically, these nine kings will be at <a href=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/history-of-ww1-gas-masks-in-photos\/\">war (WWI)<\/a> less than five years after this photo was taken.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nonetheless, there was no high tension between monarchs on May 20, 1910. On this day, masters of the W&amp;D Downey photo studio took this historical image of Nine European Kings at Windsor Castle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They never gathered together before this day.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Standing: King Haakon VII of Norway, King Ferdinand I of Bulgaria, King Manuel II of Portugal, German Emperor and King of Prussia Wilhelm II, King George I of Greece, and King Albert I of Belgium.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sitting: King of Spain Alfonso XIII, King of Great Britain and Ireland, George V, and King of Denmark Frederick VIII.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Nine Royal relatives in a photo<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There was a reason for all these nine kings to pose for a single photo. All of them were connected with family bonds. For example, Frederik VIII of Denmark (sitting, far right) was a daddy of Haakon VII of Norway (top left). The German ruler Wilhelm II of Germany (top, 3rd from the right) was a cousin of both George V of the United Kingdom (bottom center) and Queen Maud of Norway, who was wife to Haakon VII of Norway and sister to George V of the United Kingdom. Let\u2019s not forget that Haakon VII of Norway and George V of the United Kingdom were brothers-in-law. George V of the UK and Queen Maud of Norway\u2019s mother was incidentally Alexandra of Denmark, sister to Frederik VIII of Denmark. Here\u2019s how Frederik VIII of Denmark was also the uncle of George V of the United Kingdom.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Read more:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/us-wwi-propaganda-posters\/\">US WWI propaganda posters<\/a>.<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Again, George was a grandson of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert and the first cousin of Russian King Nicholas II of Russia and Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany. By the way, Nicholas II also could be present in this photo, but he didn\u2019t manage to come in time.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>What will happen to the Nine Kings after this photo<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All these elegant and brilliant representatives of their dynasties came together to send off the last journey of the English king Edward VII. They do not yet know what awaits them in the very near future.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The revolutions and social transformations will remove four of nine of these monarchs. One of them will be killed (George I of Greece was shot in March 1913 in Thessaloniki).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In less than five years, Britain and Belgium will fight side by side against Germany and Bulgaria in WWI. <a href=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/serbia-in-ww1-photos-and-facts\/\">Peter of Serbia<\/a> (another king missing in this photo of the nine) will fight on King George&#8217;s side.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Only five of these nine monarchies will survive Norwegian, Spanish, English, Danish, and Belgian.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Read more:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/adolf-hitler-during-ww1-historical-facts-and-pictures\/\">Adolf Hitler during WWI: historical facts and pictures<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><br \/><br \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ironically, these nine kings will be at war (WWI) less than five years after this photo was taken. Nonetheless, there was no&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5089,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[10],"tags":[46,37,98,145],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Nine European kings in one photo, May 1910 - Old Pictures<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A historical photo of Nine European Kings that gathered together for the first time in May 1910. 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They will enter the WWI in four years.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/nine-european-kings-in-one-photo-may-1910\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Old Pictures\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/oldpics.net\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-09-08T14:23:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-09-08T14:27:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Nine-European-kings-in-one-photo-May-1910-.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1094\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Andrew Piper\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/\",\"name\":\"Old Pictures\",\"description\":\"Historical photos, stories and even more\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/nine-european-kings-in-one-photo-may-1910\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Nine-European-kings-in-one-photo-May-1910-.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Nine-European-kings-in-one-photo-May-1910-.jpg\",\"width\":1500,\"height\":1094,\"caption\":\"Nine European kings in one photo, May 1910\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/nine-european-kings-in-one-photo-may-1910\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/nine-european-kings-in-one-photo-may-1910\/\",\"name\":\"Nine European kings in one photo, May 1910 - Old Pictures\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/nine-european-kings-in-one-photo-may-1910\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2020-09-08T14:23:52+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-09-08T14:27:50+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/#\/schema\/person\/d8c5bb049b6afec697fc0e2bdbbd298e\"},\"description\":\"A historical photo of Nine European Kings that gathered together for the first time in May 1910. 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