/*
 * Plugin Name: APCu Object Cache
 * Description: APCu backend for the WP Object Cache.
 * Based on Plugin named APCu Object Cache Backend
 * Plugin URI: https://wordpress.org/plugins/apcu/
 * Author: Pierre Schmitz
 * Author URI: https://pierre-schmitz.com/
 * Plugin URI: https://wordpress.org/plugins/apcu/
 *
 *
 * @Authors James Dugger, Jonathan Bardo
 * @copyright 2017 GoDaddy Inc. 14455 N. Hayden Road Scottsdale, Arizona
 */

$oc_logged_in = false;

foreach ( $_COOKIE as $k => $v ) {

	if ( preg_match( '/^comment_author|wordpress_logged_in_[a-f0-9]+|woocommerce_items_in_cart|PHPSESSID_|edd_wp_session|edd_items_in_cartcc_cart_key|ccm_token/', $k ) ) {

		$oc_logged_in = true;

		break;

	}

}

$oc_blocked_page = ( defined( 'WP_ADMIN' ) || defined( 'DOING_AJAX' ) || defined( 'XMLRPC_REQUEST' ) || 'wp-login.php' === basename( $_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME'] ) );

function wpaas_is_using_apcu() {

	return version_compare( PHP_VERSION, '5.6.0', '>=' ) && function_exists( 'apcu_fetch' );

}


if ( 'cli' !== php_sapi_name() && ! $oc_logged_in && ! $oc_blocked_page && wpaas_is_using_apcu() ) :

	/**
	 * Save the transients to the DB.  The explanation is a bit too long
	 * for code.  The tl;dr of it is that we don't have a single 'fast cache'
	 * source yet (like memcached) and so some long lived items like transients
	 * are still best cached in the db and then brought back into APC
	 *
	 * @param string  $transient
	 * @param mixed   $value
	 * @param int     $expire
	 * @param boolean $site = false
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	function wpaas_save_transient( $transient, $value, $expire, $site = false ) {
		global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb;

		// The 'special' transient option names
		$transient_timeout = ( $site ? '_site' : '' ) . '_transient_timeout_' . $transient;
		$transient         = ( $site ? '_site' : '' ) . '_transient_' . $transient;

		// Cap expiration at 24 hours to avoid littering the DB
		if ( $expire == 0 ) {
			$expire = 24 * 60 * 60;
		}

		// Save to object cache
		$wp_object_cache->set( $transient, $value, 'options', $expire );
		$wp_object_cache->set( $transient_timeout, time() + $expire, 'options', $expire );

		// Update alloptions
		$alloptions                       = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' );
		$alloptions[ $transient ]         = $value;
		$alloptions[ $transient_timeout ] = time() + $expire;
		$wp_object_cache->set( 'alloptions', $alloptions, 'options' );

		// Use the normal update option logic
		if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
			$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
			$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
			if ( $site && is_multisite() ) {
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->sitemeta}` ( `option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload` ) VALUES ( %s, UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) + %d, 'yes' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );",
						$transient_timeout,
						$expire
					)
				);
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->sitemeta}` ( `option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload` ) VALUES ( %s, %s, 'no' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );",
						$transient,
						maybe_serialize( $value )
					)
				);
			} else {
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->options}` (`option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload`) VALUES ( %s, UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) + %d, 'yes' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );",
						$transient_timeout,
						$expire
					)
				);
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->options}` (`option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload`) VALUES ( %s, %s, 'no' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );",
						$transient,
						maybe_serialize( $value )
					)
				);
			}
			$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
		}

		return true;
	}

	function wpaas_prune_transients() {
		global $wpdb;

		if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb && function_exists( 'is_main_site' ) && function_exists( 'is_main_network' ) ) {

			$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
			$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );

			// Lifted straight from schema.php

			// Deletes all expired transients.
			// The multi-table delete syntax is used to delete the transient record from table a,
			// and the corresponding transient_timeout record from table b.
			$time = time();
			$wpdb->query( "DELETE a, b FROM $wpdb->options a, $wpdb->options b WHERE
		a.option_name LIKE '\_transient\_%' AND
		a.option_name NOT LIKE '\_transient\_timeout\_%' AND
		b.option_name = CONCAT( '_transient_timeout_', SUBSTRING( a.option_name, 12 ) )
		AND b.option_value < $time" );

			if ( is_main_site() && is_main_network() ) {
				$wpdb->query( "DELETE a, b FROM $wpdb->options a, $wpdb->options b WHERE
		a.option_name LIKE '\_site\_transient\_%' AND
		a.option_name NOT LIKE '\_site\_transient\_timeout\_%' AND
		b.option_name = CONCAT( '_site_transient_timeout_', SUBSTRING( a.option_name, 17 ) )
		AND b.option_value < $time" );
			}


			$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * If another cache was flushed or updated, sync across all servers / processes using
	 * the database as the authority.  This uses the database as the authority for timestamps
	 * as well to avoid drift between servers.
	 * @return void
	 */
	function wpaas_init_sync_cache() {

		global $wpdb;

		if ( empty( $wpdb ) || ! ( $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) ) {

			return;

		}

		$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
		$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
		$result = $wpdb->get_results(
			"SELECT option_name, option_value FROM `{$wpdb->options}` WHERE option_name = 'gd_system_last_cache_flush' UNION SELECT 'current_time', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) AS option_value;",
			ARRAY_A
		);
		$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );

		if ( empty( $result ) ) {

			return;

		}

		$master_flush = false;

		foreach ( $result as $row ) {

			switch ( $row['option_name'] ) {

				case 'current_time' :
					$current_time = $row['option_value'];
					break;

				case 'gd_system_last_cache_flush' :
					$master_flush = $row['option_value'];
					break;

			}

		}

		$local_flush = wp_cache_get( 'gd_system_last_cache_flush' );

		if ( false === $local_flush || $local_flush < $master_flush ) {

			wp_cache_flush( true );

			wp_cache_set( 'gd_system_last_cache_flush', $current_time );

		}

	}

	/**
	 * Start default implementation of object cache
	 */

	if ( ! defined( 'WP_APC_KEY_SALT' ) ) {

		define( 'WP_APC_KEY_SALT', '' );

	}

	function wp_cache_add( $key, $data, $group = '', $expire = 0 ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		if ( 'transient' == $group ) {
			wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire );

			return $wp_object_cache->add( "_transient_$key", $data, 'options', $expire );
		} elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) {
			wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire, true );

			return $wp_object_cache->add( "_site_transient_$key", $data, 'site-options', $expire );
		} else {
			return $wp_object_cache->add( $key, $data, $group, $expire );
		}
	}

	function wp_cache_incr( $key, $n = 1, $group = '' ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		return $wp_object_cache->incr2( $key, $n, $group );
	}

	function wp_cache_decr( $key, $n = 1, $group = '' ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		return $wp_object_cache->decr( $key, $n, $group );
	}

	function wp_cache_close() {
		return true;
	}

	function wp_cache_delete( $key, $group = '' ) {
		global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb;

		if ( 'transient' == $group ) {
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"DELETE FROM `{$wpdb->prefix}options` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s );",
						"_transient_{$key}",
						"_transient_timeout_{$key}"
					)
				);
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
			}

			$wp_object_cache->delete( "_transient_timeout_$key", 'options' );

			// Update alloptions
			$alloptions = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' );
			unset( $alloptions["_transient_$key"] );
			unset( $alloptions["_transient_timeout_$key"] );
			$wp_object_cache->set( 'alloptions', $alloptions, 'options' );

			return $wp_object_cache->delete( "_transient_$key", 'options' );
		} elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) {
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$table = $wpdb->options;
				if ( is_multisite() ) {
					$table = $wpdb->sitemeta;
				}
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$wpdb->query(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"DELETE FROM `{$table}` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s );",
						"_transient_{$key}",
						"_transient_timeout_{$key}"
					)
				);
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
			}
			$wp_object_cache->delete( "_transient_timeout_$key", 'site-options' );

			// Update alloptions
			$alloptions = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' );
			unset( $alloptions["_site_transient_$key"] );
			unset( $alloptions["_site_transient_timeout_$key"] );
			$wp_object_cache->set( 'alloptions', $alloptions, 'options' );

			return $wp_object_cache->delete( "_site_transient_$key", 'site-options' );
		}

		return $wp_object_cache->delete( $key, $group );
	}

	function wp_cache_flush( $local_flush = false ) {
		global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb;

		if ( ! $local_flush ) {
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$wpdb->query( "INSERT INTO `{$wpdb->options}` (`option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload`) VALUES ( 'gd_system_last_cache_flush', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ), 'no' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES ( `option_name` ), `option_value` = VALUES ( `option_value` ), `autoload` = VALUES ( `autoload` );" );
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
			}
		}

		return $wp_object_cache->flush();
	}

	function wp_cache_get( $key, $group = '', $force = false ) {
		global $wp_object_cache, $wpdb;

		if ( 'transient' == $group ) {
			$alloptions = $wp_object_cache->get( 'alloptions', 'options' );
			if ( isset( $alloptions["_transient_$key"] ) && isset( $alloptions["_transient_timeout_$key"] ) && $alloptions["_transient_timeout_$key"] > time() ) {
				return maybe_unserialize( $alloptions["_transient_$key"] );
			}
			$transient = $wp_object_cache->get( "_transient_$key", 'options', $force );
			$timeout   = $wp_object_cache->get( "_transient_timeout_$key", 'options', $force );
			if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > time() ) {
				return maybe_unserialize( $transient );
			}
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$result = $wpdb->get_results(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"SELECT option_name, option_value FROM `{$wpdb->options}` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s ) UNION SELECT 'current_time', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) AS option_value;",
						"_transient_{$key}",
						"_transient_timeout_{$key}"
					),
					ARRAY_A
				);
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
				if ( ! empty( $result ) ) {
					$transient    = false;
					$timeout      = false;
					$current_time = time();
					foreach ( $result as $row ) {
						switch ( $row['option_name'] ) {
							case "_transient_$key" :
								$transient = $row['option_value'];
								break;
							case "_transient_timeout_$key" :
								$timeout = $row['option_value'];
								break;
							case 'current_time' :
								$current_time = $row['option_value'];
								break;
						}
					}
					if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > $current_time ) {
						return maybe_unserialize( $transient );
					}
				}
			}

			return false;
		} elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) {
			$transient = $wp_object_cache->get( "_site_transient_$key", 'options', $force );
			$timeout   = $wp_object_cache->get( "_site_transient_timeout_$key", 'options', $force );
			if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > time() ) {
				return maybe_unserialize( $transient );
			}
			if ( ! empty( $wpdb ) && $wpdb instanceof wpdb ) {
				$table = $wpdb->options;
				if ( is_multisite() ) {
					$table = $wpdb->sitemeta;
				}
				$flag = $wpdb->suppress_errors;
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( true );
				$result = $wpdb->get_results(
					$wpdb->prepare(
						"SELECT option_name, option_value FROM `{$table}` WHERE option_name IN ( %s, %s ) UNION SELECT 'current_time', UNIX_TIMESTAMP( NOW() ) AS option_value;",
						"_site_transient_{$key}",
						"_site_transient_timeout_{$key}"
					),
					ARRAY_A
				);
				$wpdb->suppress_errors( $flag );
				if ( ! empty( $result ) ) {
					$transient    = false;
					$timeout      = false;
					$current_time = time();
					foreach ( $result as $row ) {
						switch ( $row['option_name'] ) {
							case "_site_transient_$key" :
								$transient = $row['option_value'];
								break;
							case "_site_transient_timeout_$key" :
								$timeout = $row['option_value'];
								break;
							case 'current_time' :
								$current_time = $row['option_value'];
								break;
						}
					}
					if ( false !== $transient && ! empty( $timeout ) && $timeout > $current_time ) {
						return maybe_unserialize( $transient );
					}
				}
			}

			return false;
		} else {
			return $wp_object_cache->get( $key, $group, $force );
		}
	}

	function wp_cache_init() {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		if ( mt_rand( 1, 100 ) == 42 ) {

			wpaas_prune_transients();

		}

		add_action( 'muplugins_loaded', 'wpaas_init_sync_cache' );

		$wp_object_cache = new APCu_Object_Cache();

	}

	function wp_cache_replace( $key, $data, $group = '', $expire = 0 ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		return $wp_object_cache->replace( $key, $data, $group, $expire );
	}

	function wp_cache_set( $key, $data, $group = '', $expire = 0 ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		if ( defined( 'WP_INSTALLING' ) == false ) {
			if ( 'transient' == $group ) {
				return wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire );
			} elseif ( 'site-transient' == $group ) {
				return wpaas_save_transient( $key, $data, $expire, true );
			} else {
				return $wp_object_cache->set( $key, $data, $group, $expire );
			}
		} else {
			return $wp_object_cache->delete( $key, $group );
		}
	}

	function wp_cache_switch_to_blog( $blog_id ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		return $wp_object_cache->switch_to_blog( $blog_id );
	}

	function wp_cache_add_global_groups( $groups ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		$wp_object_cache->add_global_groups( $groups );
	}

	function wp_cache_add_non_persistent_groups( $groups ) {
		global $wp_object_cache;

		$wp_object_cache->add_non_persistent_groups( $groups );
	}

	class GD_APCu_Object_Cache {

		private $prefix = '';
		private $local_cache = array();
		private $global_groups = array();
		private $non_persistent_groups = array();
		private $multisite = false;
		private $blog_prefix = '';

		public function __construct() {
			global $table_prefix;

			$this->multisite   = is_multisite();
			$this->blog_prefix = $this->multisite ? get_current_blog_id() . ':' : '';
			$this->prefix      = DB_HOST . '.' . DB_NAME . '.' . $table_prefix;
		}

		private function get_group( $group ) {
			return empty( $group ) ? 'default' : $group;
		}

		private function get_key( $group, $key ) {
			if ( $this->multisite && ! isset( $this->global_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return $this->prefix . '.' . $group . '.' . $this->blog_prefix . ':' . $key;
			} else {
				return $this->prefix . '.' . $group . '.' . $key;
			}
		}

		public function add( $key, $data, $group = 'default', $expire = 0 ) {
			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			if ( function_exists( 'wp_suspend_cache_addition' ) && wp_suspend_cache_addition() ) {
				return false;
			}
			if ( isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) ) {
				return false;
			}
			// FIXME: Somehow apcu_add does not return false if key already exists
			if ( ! isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) && apcu_exists( $key ) ) {
				return false;
			}

			if ( is_object( $data ) ) {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = clone $data;
			} else {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = $data;
			}

			if ( ! isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return apcu_add( $key, $data, (int) $expire );
			}

			return true;
		}

		public function add_global_groups( $groups ) {
			if ( is_array( $groups ) ) {
				foreach ( $groups as $group ) {
					$this->global_groups[ $group ] = true;
				}
			} else {
				$this->global_groups[ $groups ] = true;
			}
		}

		public function add_non_persistent_groups( $groups ) {
			if ( is_array( $groups ) ) {
				foreach ( $groups as $group ) {
					$this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] = true;
				}
			} else {
				$this->non_persistent_groups[ $groups ] = true;
			}
		}

		public function decr( $key, $offset = 1, $group = 'default' ) {
			if ( $offset < 0 ) {
				return $this->incr( $key, abs( $offset ), $group );
			}

			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			if ( isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) && $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] - $offset >= 0 ) {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] -= $offset;
			} else {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = 0;
			}

			if ( isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ];
			} else {
				$value = apcu_dec( $key, $offset );
				if ( $value < 0 ) {
					apcu_store( $key, 0 );

					return 0;
				}

				return $value;
			}
		}

		public function delete( $key, $group = 'default', $force = false ) {
			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			unset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] );
			if ( ! isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return apcu_delete( $key );
			}

			return true;
		}

		public function flush() {
			$this->local_cache = array();
			// TODO: only clear our own entries
			apcu_clear_cache();

			return true;
		}

		public function get( $key, $group = 'default', $force = false, &$found = null ) {
			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			if ( ! $force && isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) ) {
				$found = true;
				if ( is_object( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) ) {
					return clone $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ];
				} else {
					return $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ];
				}
			} elseif ( isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				$found = false;

				return false;
			} else {
				$value = @apcu_fetch( $key, $found );
				if ( $found ) {
					if ( $force ) {
						$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = $value;
					}

					return $value;
				} else {
					return false;
				}
			}
		}

		public function incr2( $key, $offset = 1, $group = 'default' ) {
			if ( $offset < 0 ) {
				return $this->decr( $key, abs( $offset ), $group );
			}

			$group = $this->get_group( $group );
			$key   = $this->get_key( $group, $key );

			if ( isset( $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] ) && $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] + $offset >= 0 ) {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] += $offset;
			} else {
				$this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ] = 0;
			}

			if ( isset( $this->non_persistent_groups[ $group ] ) ) {
				return $this->local_cache[ $group ][ $key ];
			} else if ( function_exists( 'apcu_inc' ) ) {
				$value = apcu_inc( $key, $offset );
				if ( $value < 0 ) {
					apcu_store( $key, 0 );

					return 0;
				}

				return $value;
			}

			return false;
		}

		public function replace( $key, $data, $group = 'default', $expire = 0 ) {
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{"id":3224,"date":"2020-05-25T05:59:40","date_gmt":"2020-05-25T12:59:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/?p=3224"},"modified":"2020-06-18T00:12:43","modified_gmt":"2020-06-18T07:12:43","slug":"yosemite-and-the-best-of-carleton-watkins-photos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/yosemite-and-the-best-of-carleton-watkins-photos\/","title":{"rendered":"Yosemite and the best of Carleton Watkins photos"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"attachment_3227\" style=\"width: 1258px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3227\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3227\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Cathedral-rock-Yosemite.jpg\" alt=\"Cathedral-rock-Yosemite by Carleton Watkins, historical\" width=\"1248\" height=\"1007\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Cathedral-rock-Yosemite.jpg 1248w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Cathedral-rock-Yosemite-300x242.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Cathedral-rock-Yosemite-1024x826.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Cathedral-rock-Yosemite-768x620.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1248px) 100vw, 1248px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3227\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The finest creation of Carleton Watkins: The Cathedral rock, Yosemite, 1861<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This photo of the Cathedral rock is another gem that was picked up by Time magazine for their collection: <a href=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/100-most-important-pictures-in-history\/\">Top 100 influential photos in history<\/a>. The author of this image is Carleton E. Watkins, and he is considered the most influential American photographer of the 19th century. His landscape photos shaped the understanding of the unique nature of the West, emphasizing the &#8216;heaven-given land beauty given to the free people of the United States,&#8217; as Carleton used to say. And, yet to mention, his Yosemite photos served as indisputable evidence of the necessity for Congress to adopt the National park bill, signed later by Abraham Lincoln.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>More beautiful photos:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/new-york-in-1905-in-19-photos\/\">New York in 1905 in 19 photos<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/the-molotov-man-and-other-nicaragua-photos\/\">The Molotov man: the Nicaragua photos of Susan Meiselas<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3229\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3229\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3229\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/El-Capitan-at-the-Foot-of-the-Mariposa-Trail.jpg\" alt=\"El Capitan at the Foot of the Mariposa Trail\" width=\"1014\" height=\"762\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/El-Capitan-at-the-Foot-of-the-Mariposa-Trail.jpg 1014w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/El-Capitan-at-the-Foot-of-the-Mariposa-Trail-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/El-Capitan-at-the-Foot-of-the-Mariposa-Trail-768x577.jpg 768w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/El-Capitan-at-the-Foot-of-the-Mariposa-Trail-542x407.jpg 542w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/El-Capitan-at-the-Foot-of-the-Mariposa-Trail-232x174.jpg 232w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/El-Capitan-at-the-Foot-of-the-Mariposa-Trail-514x386.jpg 514w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1014px) 100vw, 1014px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3229\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">El Capitan at the Foot of the Mariposa Trail, 1961<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The art of taking an exceptional picture was a different, much more complicated story in the 19th century. To make his photos Carleton E. Watkins, born in 1829 in New York, had to handle oversized and overweight mammoth cameras to be able to capture the beauty of the American West (well, together with other regions of the country). The geography of his creations is mindblowing when thinking of how much time and resources he spent to take those images: Yosemite Valley, Columbia River, the Sierra Nevada, and the Pacific Coast in Oregon. While traveling through these beautiful places, Carleton became an avid hunter and fisherman. He remembered that these his rifle and pole saved his life and allowed to take longer trips into the wilderness.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3226\" style=\"width: 402px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3226\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3226\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Carleton-E.-Watkins-photo.jpg\" alt=\"Carleton E. Watkins photos\" width=\"392\" height=\"539\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3226\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The rare image of Carleton E. Watkins with his mammoth camera<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Mastering the difficult art of photography<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Watkins soloed his adventurous trips, packed his cameras, tripods, dark tents, glass plates, and chemicals through wilderness, harsh terrain including. He learned how to make hour-long exposure to take the best pictures that continue their life path through the decades. His passions to photography and landscapes brought his pictures above the craft, curved his images in the history books.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3236\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3236\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3236 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Yosemite-Falls-River-View.jpg\" alt=\"Carleton Watkins photos Yosemite Falls (River View)\" width=\"1014\" height=\"774\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Yosemite-Falls-River-View.jpg 1014w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Yosemite-Falls-River-View-300x229.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Yosemite-Falls-River-View-768x586.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1014px) 100vw, 1014px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3236\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yosemite Falls (River View), 1862<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His technical and artistic approach spread his success overseas. In 1868, Watkins was awarded a medal for landscape photography at the Paris International Exposition. In 1873 he received the Medal of Progress award at the Vienna Exposition, in 1876 he repeated success at the Chilean Exposition.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3230\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3230\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3230\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/From-the-Sentinel-Dome-Down-the-Valley-Yosemite.jpg\" alt=\"From the Sentinel Dome, Down the Valley, Yosemite\" width=\"1014\" height=\"786\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/From-the-Sentinel-Dome-Down-the-Valley-Yosemite.jpg 1014w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/From-the-Sentinel-Dome-Down-the-Valley-Yosemite-300x233.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/From-the-Sentinel-Dome-Down-the-Valley-Yosemite-768x595.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1014px) 100vw, 1014px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3230\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yosemite view from the Sentinel Dome, Down the Valley, 1862<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>The sad money story of the photo master<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The genius photographer and passioned nature lover, Watkins lacked any businessmen skills. He didn&#8217;t bother about author rights, and his images were pirated a lot. Carleton thought that money would follow his awards automatically, but he had to declare bankruptcy and lost his San Francisco studio and his negatives to a creditor. Here&#8217;s how Carleton Watkins photos were lost. He borrowed at another photographer Isaiah West Taber, and after acquiring Watkins&#8217; works, he was selling stereographs with Taber&#8217;s name on them. It was a painful, traumatic experience for the Carleton, but he started his photography career from scratch.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3234\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3234\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3234 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Steamer-22Cascade22-at-the-Lower-Landing-1867.jpg\" alt=\"Carleton Watkins photos Steamer Cascade, at the Lower Landing, 1867\" width=\"1014\" height=\"775\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Steamer-22Cascade22-at-the-Lower-Landing-1867.jpg 1014w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Steamer-22Cascade22-at-the-Lower-Landing-1867-300x229.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Steamer-22Cascade22-at-the-Lower-Landing-1867-768x587.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1014px) 100vw, 1014px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3234\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steamer Cascade, at the Lower Landing, 1867<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He expanded his working geography and photographed everywhere from British Columbia to Mexico and east to Yellowstone, Utah, and Arizona. Watkins produced numerous photo masterpieces until he almost lost sight in 1895. Bankrupted again, unable to pay his rent, Carleton moved with his wife and two daughters into an abandoned railroad car for 18 months. By 1897 Watkins was almost completely blind.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3232\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3232\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3232\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Mt.-Tamalpais-California.jpg\" alt=\"Mt. Tamalpais, California\" width=\"1014\" height=\"743\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Mt.-Tamalpais-California.jpg 1014w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Mt.-Tamalpais-California-300x220.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Mt.-Tamalpais-California-768x563.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1014px) 100vw, 1014px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3232\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Another gem among the Carleton Watkins photos: Mt. Tamalpais, California, 1864<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He lived for handouts until the 1906 San Francisco earthquake burned Watkins&#8217; studio, and countless pictures and negatives, and most all of his stereo works were lost. Carleton Watkins photos were lost again. Master couldn&#8217;t deal with this loss, and in 1910 he was committed to Napa State Hospital for the Insane; his wife began to say that she was a widow. Carleton Watkins died in the asylum six years later at age 87. He was buried in an unmarked grave on the hospital grounds.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3235\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3235\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3235\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Willamette-Falls-Oregon-City-1867.jpg\" alt=\"Willamette Falls, Oregon City, 1867\" width=\"1014\" height=\"775\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Willamette-Falls-Oregon-City-1867.jpg 1014w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Willamette-Falls-Oregon-City-1867-300x229.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Willamette-Falls-Oregon-City-1867-768x587.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1014px) 100vw, 1014px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3235\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Willamette Falls, Oregon City, 1867<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_3233\" style=\"width: 1071px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3233\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3233\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Seal-Rocks-Cliff-House-San-Francisco-ca.-1868.jpg\" alt=\"Seal Rocks, Cliff House, San Francisco, ca. 1868\" width=\"1061\" height=\"778\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Seal-Rocks-Cliff-House-San-Francisco-ca.-1868.jpg 1061w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Seal-Rocks-Cliff-House-San-Francisco-ca.-1868-300x220.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Seal-Rocks-Cliff-House-San-Francisco-ca.-1868-1024x751.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Seal-Rocks-Cliff-House-San-Francisco-ca.-1868-768x563.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1061px) 100vw, 1061px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3233\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Seal Rocks, Cliff House, San Francisco, ca. 1868<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_3231\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3231\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3231\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Islands-in-the-Columbia-River-Upper-Cascades-1867.jpg\" alt=\"Islands in the Columbia River, Upper Cascades, 1867\" width=\"1014\" height=\"776\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Islands-in-the-Columbia-River-Upper-Cascades-1867.jpg 1014w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Islands-in-the-Columbia-River-Upper-Cascades-1867-300x230.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Islands-in-the-Columbia-River-Upper-Cascades-1867-768x588.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1014px) 100vw, 1014px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3231\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Islands in the Columbia River, Upper Cascades, 1867<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_3228\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3228\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3228\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/City-of-Portland-Willamette-River-1867.jpg\" alt=\"City of Portland, Willamette River, 1867\" width=\"1014\" height=\"750\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/City-of-Portland-Willamette-River-1867.jpg 1014w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/City-of-Portland-Willamette-River-1867-300x222.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/City-of-Portland-Willamette-River-1867-768x568.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1014px) 100vw, 1014px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3228\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">City of Portland, Willamette River, 1867<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_3225\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3225\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3225 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Cape-Horn-Columbia-River-1867.jpg\" alt=\"Carleton Watkins photos: Cape Horn, Columbia River, 1867\" width=\"1014\" height=\"775\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Cape-Horn-Columbia-River-1867.jpg 1014w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Cape-Horn-Columbia-River-1867-300x229.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oldpics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Cape-Horn-Columbia-River-1867-768x587.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1014px) 100vw, 1014px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3225\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cape Horn, Columbia River, 1867<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This photo of the Cathedral rock is another gem that was picked up by Time magazine for their collection: Top 100 influential&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3227,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[129,95],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Yosemite and the best of Carleton Watkins photos - Old Pictures<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The best of Carleton Watkins photos and the sad life story of the most important American photographer of the 19th century.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/oldpics.net\/yosemite-and-the-best-of-carleton-watkins-photos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Yosemite and the best of Carleton 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